TABLE OF CONTENT
GERMICIDE(IZAL)
LIQUID SOAP
SHAMPOO
TOILET SOAP
HAIR CREAM
PETROLEUM JELLY
AIR FRESHNER
POWDERED DETERGENT
BLEACH
BAR/LAUNDRY SOAP
MEDICATED SOAP
PAINT EMULSION
PAINT TEXCOAT
BALM
RELAXER
GLUE/BOND
CANDLE
ANTISEPTICS(DETTOL)
PERFUMES
GERMICIDE(IZAL)
CHEMICALS AND FORMULATION(%)
1 Water-------------------------------- 25
2 Carbolic acid------------------------0.5
3 Phenol--------------------------------1/2
4 White binder------------------------1.0
5 Izal perfume-------------------------1/2
6 Lysol----------------------------------- 0.4.
PROCEDURE.
(a) Put the measured quantity of carbolic acid and Lysol into a rubber bowl, then stir very well for proper mixture.
(b) With continuous stirring, add phenol, perfume and the binder. stir continuously.
(c) Finally add the required quantity of water.
Stir very well and allow to settle, then run into container for use or sale.
Dettol (Disincfectance)
Materials and formulations(%wt)
Water ---------------------------------15
Methanol -----------------------------2.0
Texapon ------------------------------1/16
Pine oil---------------------------------0.8
Colourant ---------------------------To taste
Method
(a) Dissolve the texapon in methanol
(b) In a separate container dissolve the chlorozylenol in water.
(c) Transfer (b) to (a).
(d) Add the pin oil, water, and colourant.
(e) Stir very well and allow for 24hrs to settle. Then run into cans and ready for sale.
LIQUID SOAP PRODUCTION.
CHEMICALS AND FORMULATION
(a) Nitrosol ------------ 1/16
(b) Water----------------6.0
(b) Soda ash----------- 1/16
(c) Caustic soda--------1/32 (optional)
(d) S.t.p.p---------------1/16
(e) S.L.S------------------0.5
(f) sulphonic acid ----- 1L
(g) Formalin------------little
(h) Colorant------------ To taste
(i) Perfume------------To taste.
v Provide a rubber bowl and measure the required quantity of water into the bowl.
v Add the measured nitrosol and stir continuously.
v Add the SLS and stir.
v Soak the soda ash, s.t.p.p, respectively with water in a separate container for 24hrs. Stir to dissolve properly.
v After 24hrs turn the soda ash solution into the pastry nitrosol and stir very well for proper mixture.
v With continuous stirring, add the sulphonic acid, stpp.
v Follow it with formalin, colorant, perfume and allow the foam to settle.
v Then run into container for sale.
SHAMPOO.
Same as L/S, caustic soda is avoided.
.
TOILET WASH.
CHEMICALS AND FORMULATION(%)
Nitrosol ------------------1/4
Water---------------------30.00
Caustic soda ------------1/4(very important)
Soda ash------------------1/4
S.t.p.p---------------------1/4
HCL-------------------------2.0
Phenol---------------------30
Sulphuric acid------------1/8
Texapon-------------------1.0
Sulphonic acid-----------2.0.
Perfume-------------------To taste
Colorant-------------------To taste
Method.
While producing the liquid soap, add the fermented caustic soda and stir.
Add hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and phenol, stir very.
Allow to settle and then bottle for sale.
HAIR CREAM.
This is used for moisturizing the hair, giving it a shiny look and providing hair look and treatment. It is applied to hair on daily bases. Also it prevent the hair from breaking.
CHEMICALS
Paraffin wax ------------------small slice.
Petroleum jelly---------------30ml
Lanolin -------------------------1/2teaspoon
Paraffin oil---------------------100ml
Vegetable oil------------------ 20ml
Colorant ------------------------to taste.
Perfume ------------------------to taste.
METHOD.
· Provide a pot with heater.
· Add the paraffin wax and lanolin to the pot, while on fire heat and allow to melt.
· After melting, add the paraffin oil and vegetable oil, stir very well and bring down from fire.
· Add the colorant and perfume, stir very well and transfer into container for sale.
PETROLEUM JELLY.
Chemicals and formulations.
(1) Paraffin jelly------------ 30ml
(2) Paraffin wax -------------small slice.
(3) Paraffin oil ---------------100ml
(4) Lanolin---------------------1/2 teaspoon
METHOD.
Provide a pot, add paraffin wax, petroleum jelly and lanolin.
Heat till its properly mixed.
Add paraffin oil and stir.
Allow to cool and transfer into containers for sale.
AIRFRESHNER.
Chemicals and formulation
(1) Water-----------------------------700ml
(2) Methanol-------------------------20ml
(3) Perfume---------------------------15ml
(4) Industrial camphor------------- ½ table sppon
(5)Texapon----------------------------1 table sppon
Perfume ranges from strawberry, ambipur etc.
METHOD
(1)Put the methanol into a be beaker.
(2)Add the perfume and mix very well
(3)Add the industrial camphor, and finally add the required quantity of water allow to settle and bottle for sale.
POWDERD DETERGENT MATERIAL
(1)Water--------------------------------------70ml
(2)Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)---50g
(3)Sodium chloride (common salt)--- 10g
(4)Soda ash--------------------------------- 150g
(5)Palm kernel oil --------------------------210ml
(6)Hydrogen peroxide---------------------10ml
(7)Sulphonic acid----------------------------35ml
(8) Perfume------------------------------------To taste
(9) Colorant------------------------------------To taste
(10)Ammonia solution(drying agent)—10ml
(11)Sulphric acid (optional)
PROCEDURE
(1)Pour 70ml of water into a rubber bowl.
(2)Add 50g of sodium hydrozide (Already soaked for 48hours)
(3)Stir very well
(4)Add common salt & stir to remove hardness
(5)Add soda ash (already soaked for 24hrs )
(6)Add p.k oil &stir
(7)Add sulphonic acid
(8)Add colorant
(9)Add hydrogen peroxide and stir properly
(10)Spread the detergent on a plain surface and add
Perfume, mix thoroughly and allow to dry
(11)Put in container after drying
N.B The corrosive chemicals are soaked before used
e.g Caustic soda is fermented for 48hours and checked regularly
with hydrometer.The speafic gravity for caustic soda ranges from
1275kg|m3 to 1300kg|m3
BLEACH PRODUCTION.
Chemicals and formulation.(wt)
HTH--------------------------0.4
Water-----------------------8litres
Soda ash--------------------0.4
Caustic soda---------------0.8
Aluminate ----------------1 spatula.
METHOD.
Provide a rubber bowl and put the required quantity of water.
Add the HTH and and stir very well for proper dissolution.
Add the soda ash and stir.
Add the caustic soda and finally the alum. Stir very well and leave for 24hrs.
BAR/LAUNDRY SOAP.
CHEMICALS AND FORMULATION.(x8)
p.k oil--------------------------------------0.825L
Caustic soda-----------------------------165g
Soda ash----------------------------------42.5g
Magnesium sulphate------------------49.5g
Borax --------------------------------------24.75g
Sodium silicate--------------------------27.5ml
Colour-------------------------------------to taste
Sulphonic acid---------------------------100ml
Perfume-----------------------------------to taste
Industrial salt--------------------------- 1spoon
METHOD(Cold method)
With rubber bowl ferment the caustic soda with water for 48hrs
With another bowl ferment the soda ash, magnesium sulphate and borax for 24hrs. check the concentration of the solutions regularly with hydrometer to ensure its 1275kg/m3.
Measure the quantity of p.k oil required
Melt oil by heating to 40oc and remove the heat source
Add the caustic soda solution and stir very well for about 2-3 minutes.
Add the soda ash, magnesium sulphate and borax solution to the soap solution and stir vigorously for proper mixture.
Add the sodium silicate, preservative, perfume and mix very well.
Pour the molten soap into mould to which nylon sheet has been spread.
Allow to cool before cutting and shaping.
Air dry the soap further for 24hrs.
MEDICATED SOAP.
Same as bar/laundry soap.
Measure the oil heat to melt.(remove heat source)
Add colorant to the oil and heat until the colorant dissolves properly.
Stir continuously.
The heat source is removed and the oil colorant mixture is transferred into the mixer. It is allowed to cool to room temperature.
Then continue with bar soap method and add the active ingredient (hydroquinin),then vitamin E, pin oil, and glycerin).
Other suggested active ingredients are phenol, mercuric iodide, carbolic acid and iragasan etc.
PAINT MAKING.
Paint is necessary and a very important product, it is used for the beautification of houses, office to give it a perfect look. paints are of different types. We take emulsion and texcoat.
EMULSION PAINT.
CHEMICALS AND FORMULATION.
Water -------------------------------------2.23
Titanium dioxide------------------------200g
Calcium carbonate---------------------2.4kg
Genepur----------------------------------10g
Formalin----------------------------------10g
Ammonia --------------------------------10g
Kaolin -------------------------------------50g
P.V.A---------------------------------------50g
Kero ---------------------------------------20g
Nitrosol ----------------------------------20g
Colorant---------------------------------to taste
METHOD
Measure the require quantity of water into the mixer
Add genepur and titan and stir.
Add calcium carbonate and kaolin.
Add the color, P.V.A and kerosene.
Stir and add nitrosol and ammonia, stir well and pure into the container for use.
TEXCOAT.
CHEMICALS AND FORMULATION.
Water ------------------------------------1.1k
Titan --------------------------------------400g
Calgon PT---------------------------------5g
Ammonia --------------------------------50g
Formalin----------------------------------16g
Colorant----------------------------------accordingly
Calcium-----------------------------------1.5g
Kaolin--------------------------------------900g
P.V.A---------------------------------------600g
Kero----------------------------------------60g
Nitrosol -----------------------------------20g
Marble dust------------------------------2.4kg.
METHOD.
Measure the required quantity of water
Add the titan and stir
Add the calcium and kaolin and stir
Add calgon, formalin, ammonia
Add colorant, stir and add P.V.A and kero.
Then add marble dust, stir and add nitrosol.
Stir until it becomes homogenous.
Pure into the container for sale.
BALM .
CHEMICALS AND FORMULATIONS.
Petroleum jelly-----------------------------133.20
Paraffin wax---------------------------------18
Methyl salicylate---------------------------12
Menthol crystal or peppermint oil-----12
Turpentin oil--------------------------------1.4
Eucalyptus ----------------------------------7.5
Tincture of capsicum---------------------1.5
Camphor rectified-------------------------10.5
METHOD.
· Measure the petroleum jelly into a clean boiler.
· Set the heating apparatus heat the petroleum jelly till it melt.
· Add in the following sequence, menthol crystal and allow to melt.
· If you are using peppermint oil dont wait.
· Then add the methyl salicylate, turpentine oil, eucalyptus oil, tincture of capsicum.
· Stir and add paraffin wax which must be melted separately to enable you measure.
· Add the camphor rectified which must also be melted as well to enable you measure.
· Stir properly and run into the containers for use.
RELAXER.
Chemicals and formulation .
Emywax ---------------------0.009625kg
Alcohol ----------------------0.010175kg
Petroleum jelly-------------0.012kg
Mineral oil-------------------0.064kg or 0.06kg
Cold water ------------------0.194kg
Caustic soda-----------------0.006925kg
Perfume ----------------------0.001kg
Glycol--------------------------0.001kg.
METHOD.
(1) Measure out the oil phase chemicals- petroleum jelly, alcohol, mineral oil, emywax into one heating tank and heat to 70oc.
(2) Measure out the water phase chemicals- propylene glycol and water to cool at room temperature.
(3) Dissolve the caustic soda with some part of the water and cool to room temperature.
(4) Dissolve the preservative with some part of the water.
(5) Pour the heated oil phase into the mixer, begin to pure gradually also the water phase into it while mixing and cooling.
(6) Also dissolve the preservative.
(7) At about 45oc, add the sodium hydroxide solution gradually while still mixing and cooling.
(8) When properly homogenized and cooling to room temperature, pour out and fill into the jars.
(9) Package and ready for sales.
CANDLE PRODUCTION.
Chemicals and formulations.
Paraffin wax ---------------------------------------9.4k
Stearic acid-----------------------------------------0.5kg
Paraffin oil------------------------------------------0.5kg.
Method
Cut the paraffin wax into pieces and heat with continuous stirring until it melts completely.
Bring it down and measure the required amount of molten wax into another boiler and heat.
On heating, add the specific amount of stearic acid and paraffin oil.
Stir very until all is melted. This is candle solution.
As the candle solution cools, clean the mould and place the thread.
Then run the solution into the mould and allow to solidify.
Then remove the cones and push out the candle.
GLUE/BOND.
This is used for binding materials like ceramics , leather, plastics, glasses, papers. Etc. it is also used by the carpenters for joining wood together.
Chemicals and formulations(%wt).
Water ----------------------------- 4
Calcium carbonate-------------0.05
Thickner--------------------------300
PVA--------------------------------0.01`
Formalin-------------------------250ml
Titan ------------------------------500.
Method.
Measure the required quantity of water into a mixer and add thickener.
Stir continuously for proper dissolution until the paste is formed. Add PVA inside the mixer and blend.
After some times, add calcium carbonate, stir and add titan with continuous stirring. Finally, add the preservative stir very well until the solution becomes smooth.
Then run into container and ready for sale.
Perfume production.
Materials and Specifications
Raw perfumes---------------------------15ml
Alcohol-------------------------------------57ml
Distilled water----------------------------70ml.
Procedure.
Measure the raw perfume into beaker.
Add the alcohol
Finally add water and filter. Then run into a container.
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